The most serious human impact to the Greater Gorongosa Ecosystem is occurring on Mount Gorongosa. More than 2,000 people live on the mountain. At least 500 households are living on steep slopes above 700 meters in pristine montane forest that until recently was considered sacred and off-limits by local tradition. On the mountain, shifting agriculture and uncontrolled land use is rapidly destroying the forest. If this activity continues, the Vunduzi and Muera rivers--keys to life in the valley below--will be reduced to useless, polluted streams. Many rare or threatened species, including some endemics, will be lost. Cut areas of Mount Gorongosa's montane forest will take centuries to recover.